叶进教授从乙癸同源辨治女童青春期疾病经验撷要

乙癸同源又称"肝肾同源"，作为中医五行学说的重要组成部分，历来受到医家重视，在发展完善的过程中被用来治疗诸多病证。叶进教授作为江苏省中医院儿科生长发育专科创始人，在诊治儿童青春期内分泌疾病方面有着丰富的临床经验，临证发现小儿青春期相关疾病从"乙癸同源"角度进行辨治可以取得满意疗效。     

Responses of Types 1 and 2 Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Analysis

Purpose: To compare the responses of types 1 (sub-pigment epithelial) and 2 (subretinal) neovascularization in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Methods: Fifty-five treatment-naïve neovascular AMD eyes (53 patients) were retrospectively included for analysis. All patients were treated with three loading injections of anti-VEGF agent, followed by further injections as required. The lesion size and vascular density of type 1 and 2 lesions before and after treatment for 12 months were analyzed using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Results: The mean lesion size of the type 1 neovascularization group (42 eyes) showed no significant change from 2.12 ± 1.01 mm² at baseline to 2.08 ± 0.91 mm² at 12 months (P = .682). However, the mean lesion size of type 2 neovascularization significantly decreased from 1.23 ± 0.93 mm² at baseline to 0.79 ± 0.61 mm² at 12 months (P = .022). The proportion of eyes with lesion sizes that decreased by more than 40% from baseline was also significantly higher for the type 2 compared to the type 1 neovascularization group (46.2% versus 11.9%, P = .007). Vascular density showed no significant changes for both groups after treatment and showed no association with the change in lesion size. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of visual acuity improvement.

Conclusion: OCTA analysis revealed different responses to anti-VEGF treatment depending on the location of neovascularization in neovascular AMD. Type 2 neovascularization was significantly regressed compared to type 1 neovascularization after anti-VEGF treatment. However, the changes in vascular density and visual outcome showed no significant differences between groups after 12 months of treatment.     

The Chinese National Twin Registry: a ‘gold mine’ for scientific research

The Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) currently includes data from 61 566 twin pair from 11 provinces or cities in China. Of these, 31 705, 15 060 and 13 531 pairs are monozygotic, same‐sex dizygotic and opposite‐sex dizygotic pairs, respectively, determined by opposite sex or intrapair similarity. Since its establishment in 2001, the CNTR has provided an important resource for analysing genetic and environmental influences on chronic diseases especially cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the CNTR has focused on collecting biologic specimens from disease‐concordant or disease‐discordant twin pairs or from twin pairs reared apart. More than 8000 pairs of these twins have been registered, and blood samples have been collected from more than 1500 pairs. In this review, we summarize the main findings from univariate and multivariate genetic effects analyses, gene–environment interaction studies, omics studies exploring DNA methylation and metabolomic markers associated with phenotypes. There remains further scope for CNTR research and data mining. The plan for future development of the CNTR is described. The CNTR welcomes worldwide collaboration.     

Early diffusion-weighted imaging and outcome prediction of comatose survivors after suicidal hanging

Purpose

Early outcome prediction after suicidal hanging is challenging in comatose survivors. We analysed the early patterns of brain diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) abnormalities in comatose survivors after suicidal hanging.

Bayesian adaptive lasso for additive hazard regression with current status data

Variable selection is a crucial issue in model building and it has received considerable attention in the literature of survival analysis. However, available approaches in this direction have mainly focused on time-to-event data with right censoring. Moreover, a majority of existing variable selection procedures for survival models are developed in a frequentist framework. In this article, we consider additive hazards model in the presence of current status data. We propose a Bayesian adaptive least absolute shrinkage and selection operator procedure to conduct a simultaneous variable selection and parameter estimation. Efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are developed to implement posterior sampling and inference. The empirical performance of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation studies. An application to a study on the risk factors of heart failure disease for type 2 diabetes patients is presented.     

Successful treatment of advanced ovarian cancer with anlotinib: a case report

Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynecological malignant tumor, with relapse occurring in approximately 70% of advanced cases. Anlotinib is an oral small-molecule multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that can resist neoangiogenesis and inhibit tumor growth. Previous research demonstrated clinical antitumor activity of anlotinib in various cancers. We report the case of an elderly woman with advanced ovarian cancer who received anlotinib after failure of multiple-line chemotherapy. A partial response was observed after six cycles of anlotinib monotherapy, with a reduction in the size of the metastases and significantly decreased serum CA125 levels from 1832.7 U/mL to 118.7 U/mL. She continued to take anlotinib, with a progression-free survival time of more than 4 months. Only mild hypertension was observed during the treatment. Anlotinib monotherapy may be a novel therapeutic option for patients with advanced ovarian cancer.     

白内障摘除术中植入的不同型号IOL术后居中性的测量及比较

目的 测量并比较白内障摘除术中不同型号人工晶状体（IOL）植入后在眼内的居中性。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 连续收集2019年12月在北京同仁医院眼科进行白内障摘除IOL植入术后6个月复诊的患者120例（120眼）。方法 根据所植入IOL的型号不同分为A、B、C三组，每组40例。对术眼进行前段扫频OCT（AS-SS-OCT）检查。同一轴线上IOL中心与巩膜突连线中点的距离为IOL偏心度，IOL平面与巩膜突平面间的夹角为IOL倾斜度。分别测量水平方向和垂直方向的偏心度和倾斜度，并进行组间比较。主要指标 IOL在水平方向和垂直方向的偏中心度和倾斜度。结果 A组水平方向偏心度为（0.24±0.07）mm （0.11~0.39 mm），倾斜角度为（1.41±0.64）° （0.48~2.68°），垂直方向偏心度为（0.23±0.08）mm （0.11~0.47mm），倾斜角度为（1.79±0.91）° （1.02-4.72°）。B组水平方向偏心度为（0.23±0.08）mm （0.11~0.43 mm），倾斜角度为（1.59±1.19）° （0.44~3.61°），垂直方向偏心度为（0.23±0.07）mm （0.14~0.41 mm），倾斜角度为（2.09±1.31）° （0.56~5.04°）。C组水平方向偏心度为（0.28±0.12）mm （0.13~0.49 mm），倾斜角度为（1.86±1.21）° （0.26~3.71°），垂直方向偏心度为（0.31±0.17）mm （0.23~0.46 mm），倾斜角度为（2.01±1.01）° （0.61~4.86°）。三组间水平和垂直方向的偏心程度和倾斜角度差异均无显著性 （P均>0.05）。三组患者在充分矫正屈光不正后，均未出现炫光等不适主诉。结论 白内障摘除IOL植入术后IOL偏中心的发生与所植入IOL的类型可能无关；在IOL偏中性度<0.5 mm、倾斜度<5°的情况未导致术后的不良视觉现象。